Oct 27, 2014 research proposal on human wildlife conflict human wildlife conflict is the conflict which occurs between the human being and the representatives of the wildlife. Humanwildlife conflict in indonesias national parks duration. A response unit has also been established for human predator conflicts in which the research team working together with zpwma respond to quantify any damage as well as to evaluate any. Factors influencing human wildlife conflict in communities.
Human wildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a critical threat to the survival of many globally endangered species, in particular to large and rare mammals such as the sumatran tiger panthera tigris sumatrae and the asian lion panthera leo persica, but also to less endangered species such as the snow leopard uncia uncia and the red colobus monkey procolocus kirkii. You can combine antelope but not when it comes to cats fr15. According to iucn 2005 human wildlife conflict hwc is a situation that occurs when the basic needs of wildlife interfere with those of humans, generating negative consequences for both communities and animals. However, there is growing consensus that the conflict between people about wildlife is as important as the conflict between. Dozens of mechanisms and strategies have been initiated in an effort to reduce and manage human wildlife conflicts and provide longterm solution to the prevalent resource use. Human wildlife conflict in indonesias national parks duration. The purpose of the study was to assess the factors influencing human wildlife conflict in communities living around lake nakuru national park. Four sample areas were selected to collect data on humanwildlife. When growing human populations overlap with established wildlife territory, creating reduction of resources or life to some people andor wild animals. Humanwildlife conflict as a barrier to large carnivore. Human wildlife conflict is defined as any event in which animals injure, destroy or damage human life or property including the destruction of crops and are killed, injured, captured or otherwise harmed as a result i. The case studies from countries all over the world demonstrate the severity of the conflict and suggest that greater in depth analysis of the conflict is needed in order to avoid overlooking the problem and undermining the. Humanwildlife conflict management a practitioners guide. Review of literature 7 humanwildlife conflict is a global issue, which has been extensively studied all over the world.
May 01, 2017 definition humanwildlife conflict is defined by the world wide fund for nature as any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impact on human social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment. Lessons learned from awfs african heartlands 4 preventive measures measures that can prevent or minimise the risk of conflicts arising between people and animals include the extreme one of completely removing either the people or the animals, physically separating the two by. Aug 01, 2017 a deadly conflict is underway between indias growing masses and its wildlife, confined to evershrinking forests and grasslands, with data showing that about one person has been killed every day. The existence of humanwildlife conflict hwc dates to human prehistory. Conflict with wildlife may be rooted in struggles among people over empowerment and access to resources or needs for survival. The conflict that occurs between people and wildlife when animals leave protected areas and raid their crops is becoming one of the largest problems for conservation managers around the world. Definition humanwildlife conflict is defined by the world wide fund for nature as any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impact on human social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment.
However, there are a variety of simple things that each of us can do that make a big difference in preventing human wildlife conflicts. Human wildlife conflict in india people and wildlife. Human wildlife conflict has been in existence for as long as humans and wild animals have shared the same resources and landscapes. Humanwildlife conflict, interspecies disease, and justice in. Humanwildlife conflict is any interaction between wildlife and humans which causes harm, whether it is to the human, the wild animal, or property. The aim of humanwildlife conflict management is to by wildlife. Pdf humanwildlife conflict hwc, due to competition for shared natural resources between people and wildlife, influences food security of. However, direct conflict between humans and nonhuman primates is fast becoming as serious a concern for some species and some populations. In this guide we share insights about stakeholders with respect to wildlife damage issues. Human wildlife conflict is a serious issue in british columbia, and each year too many bears and other wildlife are killed because of human decisions and behaviour. Humanwildlife conflict is a hyphenated term because humans are deeply involved in it, and if you focus only on the wildlife you wont get very far. Humanwildlife conflict hwc has classically been defined as a situation where wildlife impacts humans negatively physically, economically, or psychologically, and where humans likewise negatively impact wildlife. Natural causes lightning strikes, fires, hurricanes, earthquakes, and ice storms. Human wildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many endangered species in the world.
Good relations with surrounding communities allow ol pejetas ranger and community teams to intervene is these cases. Practical mitigation of human wildlife conflict is critical to the success of conservation in tsavo conservation area tca and wildlife conservation in kenya in general. The knowledge of local people on human wildlife conflict and their attitudes. Conflict with wildlife may be rooted in struggles among people over empowerment and access to.
Humanwildlife conflict hwc has been highlighted as one of the key obstacles to linking conservation and poverty alleviation pclg 2010. Human wildlife conflict study namibian case study wwf. Research proposal on human wildlife conflict humanwildlife conflict is the conflict which occurs between the human being and the representatives of the wildlife. The creating coexistence workshop at the 5th annual. Humanwildlife conflict, however, frequently involves an equally important conflict between people who have different goals, attitudes, values, feelings, levels of empowerment, and wealth. The government has received flak of late on the current legislation that is outdated with very low rates of compensation for damage inflicted by wildlife, as well as what has been described in particular by communities in the kunene and zambezi regions, as a. Habitats can be destroyed by natural causes, human actions, and pollution.
Elephants, in particular, are being penalised for breaking fences and destroying crops, while farmers face devastating losses of income. Humanwildlife conflict across urbanization gradients. Research proposal on human wildlife conflict az writing. Humanwildlife conflict refers to the interaction between wild animals and people and the resultant. Humanwildlife conflict in the chang tang region of tibet 1 part i. This later extended to crop and livestock depredations, first recorded around 10,000 years ago. Human wildlife conflict hwc or negative interaction between people and wildlife has recently become one of the fundamental aspects of wildlife management as it represents the most widespread and complex challenge currently being faced by the conservationist around the world. This requires that all landusers within the wildlife habitat are aware of and consider the effects of their activities on the wildlife. Sep 22, 2016 regional consultations for input on the revised national policy on human wildlife conflict which commenced on 15 september are underway. Recent literature on human wildlife conflict and its control measures are given below.
Inquiries by researchers at cornell and other institutions and agencies have shed light on stakeholder concerns about their interactions. The world resources institute 1995 report revealed that the habitat loss in tanzania was a serious problem for different ecosystems. The government has received flak of late on the current legislation that is outdated with very low rates of compensation for damage inflicted by wildlife, as well as what has been described in particular by communities in the kunene and zambezi regions. Human thought and behavior on human wildlife conflict. The maneating tigers of sundarbans and human wildlife conflict rate. Humanwildlife conflict on small, subsistence farms in kenya. The world resources institute 1995 report revealed that the habitat loss in tanzania was a. Dozens of mechanisms and strategies have been initiated in an effort to reduce and manage humanwildlife conflicts and provide longterm solution to the prevalent resource use. Practical mitigation of humanwildlife conflict is critical to the success of conservation in tsavo conservation area tca and wildlife conservation in kenya in general. It will also be a valuable reference for a global audience of conservation practitioners, wildlife managers, and other conservation professionals. Most research to date has focused on conflict between pastoralist herders, particularly maasai, and two wildlife species. Human wildlife conflict is any interaction between wildlife and humans which causes harm, whether it is to the human, the wild animal, or property. Wildlifecampus human wildlife conflicts 5 human wildlife conflict resolution wildlifecampus consequences of control it is important then, when. To address such conflicts, the center for conservation peacebuilding cpeace pioneered the application of conservation conflict transformation cct theory, skills, processes, and strategies.
Humanwildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a critical threat to the survival of many globally endangered species, in particular to large and rare mammals such as the sumatran tiger panthera tigris sumatrae and the asian lion panthera leo persica, but also to less endangered species such as the snow leopard uncia uncia and the red colobus monkey procolocus kirkii. Recent literature on humanwildlife conflict and its control measures are given below. Humanwildlife conflict hwc or negative interaction between people and wildlife has recently become one of the fundamental aspects of wildlife management as it represents the most widespread and complex challenge currently being faced by the conservationist around the world. Ppt wildlife and human conflict powerpoint presentation. The purpose of this research was to identify the type of human wildlife conflicts and wild mammals that cause the conflict, determine the extent of damage and to provide a better understanding of the causes of humanwildlife conflict in wondo genet district. Humanwildlife conflict, interspecies disease, and justice in a wildliferich region of kenya. Human wildlife conflict is a hyphenated term because humans are deeply involved in it, and if you focus only on the wildlife you wont get very far. Biodiversity of protists and nematodes in the wild nonhuman primate. Cases of humanwildlife conflict are common, and both sides suffer the consequences. Cambridge core ecology and conservation people and wildlife, conflict. All countries developed or not, are affected by human wildlife conflicts fao, 2009. Humanwildlife conflict a priority environment namibian sun. Sustainable wildlife management swm is the sound management of wildlife species to sustain their populations and habitat over time, taking into account the socioeconomic needs of human populations. Aug 28, 2014 definition humanwildlife conflict is defined by the world wide fund for nature as any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impact on human social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment.
Human wildlife conflicts in tanzania proceedings of the 1 st university wide conference, 5 th 7 april 2000. Merged and unmerged forward reads that passed quality thresholds were checked for chimeras using vsearch v. It has also focused on conflict resulting from depredation, property damage, and human injury. Property includes buildings, equipment, livestock and pets, crops fields or fences. Perceptions of nonhuman primates in humanwildlife conflict scenarios. Human wildlife conflict conflict between people and animals is one of the main threats to the continued survival of many species in different parts of the world, and is also a significant threat to local human populatons. Humanwildlife conflict using gis to identify potential for conflict between humans and wildlife in massachusetts presented by larry dennison for gph 903 on december, 2011. Human wildlife conflict will be essential reading for graduate students and established researchers in the field of marine conservation biology. Perceptions of nonhuman primates in humanwildlife conflict. American journal of primatology 72 10, 919924, 2010. Around the world, social conflicts related to conservation issues are serious obstacles to both wildlife conservation efforts and local communities way of life. Frequent meetings are held with farmers and pastoralists in the area, where wildlife movements can be shared and discussed, as can ways to. Abstract nonhuman primates referred to as primates in this study are sometimes revered as gods, abhorred as evil spirits, killed for food. Transforming social conflict to create sustainable solutions.
Humanwildlife conflict province of british columbia. Human wildlife conflict human wildlife conflict hwc is a significant and critical threat to conservation across the world nyhus et al. We also offer guidance for designing and implementing wildlife damage management programs. This type of conflict has always existed in the natural environment, because it is obvious that animals of different species treat the human being as an opponent, threat or a target. Spatial, social, and ecological factors by amanda h. Center for international forestry research cifor 16,651 views. The aim of human wildlife conflict management is to by wildlife. Human wildlife conflict refers to the interaction between wild animals and people and the resultant. Lessons learned from awfs african heartlands 2 human wildlife conflict.
The input of stakeholders at the local level can help determine. Tiger attacks in the sundarbans is the best example of human interaction and conflict between local people and wild animals. The conflict over natural resources such as land, water and food, is the root cause of humanwildlife conflict in many parts of africa and asia experiencing rapid population growth and. Human wildlife conflict towns and farmland are being developed at a rapid rate across wildlife migration routes in kenya. Gilleland a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy department of geography college of arts and sciences university of south florida comajor professor robert brinkmann, ph. In order to accomplish this study, the study objectives were. To examine competition over resources as a factor influencing human wildlife conflict, to establish human encroachment to protected areas.
From baboons in namibia attacking young cattle, to. Introduction investigating the human behavioral aspects of wildlife damage management for over 25 years. Not surprisingly, much scholarship in the human wildlife conflict literature has focused on species of conservation concern 2, 29, 30. Humanwildlife conflict has traditionally been viewed to occur when the needs and behavior of wildlife impact negatively on the goals of humans or when the goals of humans negatively impact the needs of wildlife madden, 2004, p. The study was carried out from december 20 to june 20. The problem of humanwildlife conflict is particularly common and pronounced as rural and periurban communities are affected all over the continent ladan, 2014. Best practice guidelines for the prevention and mitigation of conflict. The primary audience for this guide is state and federal wild. Human wildlife conflict and coexistence occurs with species that are rare and protected, abundant and considered pests, heavily managed or even domesticated, and occur in diverse ecosystems.
Chilli fences combine the physical barrier with an. Wildlife and human conflict 1 wildlife and human conflict 2 habitat destruction. Interaction between wild animals and people and the resultant negative impact on people or their resources, or wild animals or their habitat. Transforming social conflict to create sustainable. The first phase of the project is a survey in the rural community in which a local researcher has been evaluating all human wildlife conflict incidents. Now, the parks and wildlife management authority says it is intensifying campaigns on awareness and capacity building, hoping that will improve. What research and extension could offer to conflict resolution shemwetta, d. Lessons from awfs african heartlands introduction in the developed world potentially dangerous megafauna have largely been exterminated as a result of the spread of agriculture, growth of human populations and. If the conflict is happening in a poor community, for example, most of the time people are too concerned about meeting basic needs to really think about conservation. In india, hwc manifests itself in several ways, such as wildlife poaching, retaliatory killing ofinjury to wildlife species, crop raiding and livestock predation by wildlife species, injury to humans or human mortality, and destruction of property, houses and buildings by wildlife.
According to the world conservation union, it occurs when human populations overlap with wildlife requirements resulting in costs to both native residents and animals distefano 2004. Regional consultations for input on the revised national policy on human wildlife conflict which commenced on 15 september are underway. Fund for nature southern african regional programme office. The number of incidents of human wildlife conflict caused by all species in. Humanwildlife conflict hwc is a highly complex issue, involving not only behavioural and ecological. Human wildlife conflict hwc has been highlighted as one of the key obstacles to linking conservation and poverty alleviation pclg 2010. The largest swamp and mangroves forest of india is also home to over 500 bengal tigers, who killed from 50250 people per year in india and bangladesh. Humanwildlife conflict is defined by the world wide fund for nature wwf as any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impacts on human social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment. Review of literature 7 human wildlife conflict is a global issue, which has been extensively studied all over the world.
Humanwildlife conflict refers to the interaction between wild animals and humans, and the resultant negative impact on people, animals, resources, and habitats. Human dimensions of wildlife management are critical to the success of a wildlife management program treves and karanth, 2003 and as large carnivore conservation initiatives become established in turkey, it is important to include a human dimension of wildlife management. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science school of natural resources and environment at the university of michigan. We suggest that we should distinguish between humanwildlife impacts and humanhuman conflicts and be explicit about the different interests involved in conflict.